Bari in gabatar da SAP da kuka fi sha'awar kwanan nan! Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) sabon nau'in kayan aikin polymer ne.Yana da babban aikin sha ruwa wanda ke sha ruwa da yawa sau ɗari zuwa sau dubu da yawa fiye da kansa, kuma yana da kyakkyawan aikin riƙe ruwa.Da zarar ya sha ruwa ya kumbura a cikin wani hydrogel, da wuya a raba ruwan ko da an matsa shi.Don haka, tana da fa'ida da yawa na amfani a fannoni daban-daban kamar samfuran tsabtace mutum, masana'antu da aikin gona, da injiniyan farar hula.
Super absorbent guduro wani nau'i ne na macromolecules mai ɗauke da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic da tsarin haɗin giciye.Fanta da sauransu ne suka fara samar da shi ta hanyar dasa sitaci da polyacrylonitrile sannan saponifying.Dangane da albarkatun kasa, akwai jerin sitaci ( grafted, carboxymethylated, da dai sauransu), jerin cellulose (carboxymethylated, grafted, da dai sauransu), jerin polymer roba (polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl barasa, polyoxyethylene jerin, da dai sauransu) a da yawa Categories. .Idan aka kwatanta da sitaci da cellulose, polyacrylic acid superabsorbent resin yana da jerin fa'idodi kamar ƙarancin samarwa, tsari mai sauƙi, ingantaccen samarwa, ƙarfin ɗaukar ruwa mai ƙarfi, da tsawon rayuwar shiryayyen samfur.Ya zama wurin bincike na yanzu a wannan fanni.
Menene ka'idar wannan samfurin?A halin yanzu, polyacrylic acid yana da lissafin kashi 80 cikin 100 na abin da ake samarwa na guduro mai ɗaukar nauyi a duniya.Babban guduro mai ɗaukar hankali gabaɗaya shine polymer electrolyte mai ɗauke da ƙungiyar hydrophilic da tsarin haɗin giciye.Kafin shayar da ruwa, sarƙoƙi na polymer suna kusa da juna kuma an haɗa su tare, haɗin haɗin gwiwa don samar da tsarin hanyar sadarwa, don cimma nasarar ɗaure gaba ɗaya.Lokacin da ake hulɗa da ruwa, kwayoyin ruwa suna shiga cikin resin ta hanyar aikin capillary da watsawa, kuma ƙungiyoyin ionized akan sarkar suna ionized a cikin ruwa.Saboda tunkuɗewar wutar lantarki tsakanin ions iri ɗaya akan sarkar, sarkar polymer tana shimfiɗa kuma tana kumbura.Saboda buƙatun tsaka tsaki na lantarki, ions counter ba za su iya yin ƙaura zuwa waje na guduro ba, kuma bambancin maida hankali kan ion tsakanin bayani a ciki da wajen guduro yana haifar da jujjuyawar matsin osmotic.Karkashin aikin juyi osmosis matsa lamba, ruwa ya kara shiga cikin guduro don samar da hydrogel.A lokaci guda, tsarin hanyar sadarwa mai haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwar hydrogen na resin kanta yana iyakance haɓaka marar iyaka na gel.Lokacin da ruwa ya ƙunshi ɗan ƙaramin gishiri, matsa lamba osmotic na baya zai ragu, kuma a lokaci guda, saboda tasirin garkuwar ion ɗin, sarkar polymer za ta ragu, wanda ke haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin ƙarfin ɗaukar ruwa. guduro.Gabaɗaya, ƙarfin ɗaukar ruwa na resin super absorbent a cikin 0.9% NaCl mafita shine kawai 1/10 na ruwan da aka lalatar.Shaye ruwa da rike ruwa abubuwa ne guda biyu na matsala daya.Lin Runxiong et al.An tattauna su a cikin thermodynamics.Karkashin wani yanayin zafi da matsa lamba, super absorbent resin zai iya sha ruwa ba tare da bata lokaci ba, kuma ruwan ya shiga cikin guduro, yana rage ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙƙwaran tsarin gaba ɗaya har sai ya kai ga daidaito.Idan ruwa ya tsere daga resin, yana ƙara yawan enthalpy na kyauta, ba shi da kyau ga kwanciyar hankali na tsarin.Bambance-bambancen thermal analysis ya nuna cewa 50% na ruwan sha da super absorbent guduro har yanzu a rufe a cikin gel cibiyar sadarwa sama da 150°C.Saboda haka, ko da an yi amfani da matsa lamba a yanayin zafi na al'ada, ruwa ba zai tsere daga resin super absorbent ba, wanda aka ƙaddara ta hanyar thermodynamic Properties na super absorbent guduro.
Lokaci na gaba, gaya takamaiman dalilin SAP.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-08-2021