An ƙirƙiro polymers masu ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa a ƙarshen shekarun 1960. A shekarar 1961, Cibiyar Bincike ta Arewa ta Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka ta dasa sitaci a acrylonitrile a karon farko don yin HSPAN starch acrylonitrile graft copolymer wanda ya zarce kayan gargajiya masu ɗaukar ruwa. A shekarar 1978, Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd. ta Japan ta jagoranci amfani da polymers masu ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa don diapers da za a iya zubarwa, wanda ya jawo hankalin masana kimiyya daga ko'ina cikin duniya. A ƙarshen shekarun 1970, UCC Corporation ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar haɗa polymers na olefin oxide daban-daban tare da maganin radiation, kuma ta haɗa polymers marasa ionic masu ɗaukar ruwa mai ƙarfin sha sau 2000, don haka ta buɗe haɗin polymers marasa ionic masu ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa. Kofa. A shekarar 1983, Sanyo Chemicals ta Japan ta yi amfani da potassium acrylate a gaban mahaɗan diene kamar methacrylamide don yin polymers masu ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa. Bayan haka, kamfanin ya ci gaba da samar da tsarin polymer daban-daban masu narkewa wanda ya ƙunshi polyacrylic acid da polyacrylamide da aka gyara. A ƙarshen ƙarni na ƙarshe, masana kimiyya daga ƙasashe daban-daban sun ci gaba da haɓaka tare da sa polymers masu narkewa cikin sauri a ƙasashe a duk faɗin duniya. A halin yanzu, manyan ƙungiyoyin samarwa guda uku na Japan Shokubai, Sanyo Chemical da Stockhausen na Jamus sun kafa yanayi mai ƙafafu uku. Suna iko da kashi 70% na kasuwar duniya a yau, kuma suna gudanar da ayyukan haɗin gwiwa na ƙasa da ƙasa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa na fasaha don mamaye kasuwar manyan ƙasashe a duniya. 'Yancin sayar da polymers masu narkewa cikin ruwa. Polymers masu narkewa cikin ruwa suna da amfani iri-iri da kuma fa'idodi masu faɗi. A halin yanzu, babban amfaninsa har yanzu shine kayayyakin tsafta, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 70% na jimlar kasuwa.
Tunda sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent resin yana da ƙarfin sha ruwa mai kyau da kuma kyakkyawan aikin riƙe ruwa, yana da amfani iri-iri a matsayin wakili mai riƙe ruwa a ƙasa a fannin noma da gandun daji. Idan aka ƙara ƙaramin adadin sodium polyacrylate mai sha ruwa a ƙasa, za a iya inganta yawan tsiron wasu wake da juriyar fari na wake, kuma za a iya ƙara yawan iskar da ke shiga ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, saboda hydrophilicity da kyawawan halayen hana hayaƙi da hana danshi na resin mai sha ruwa, ana iya amfani da shi azaman sabon kayan marufi. Fim ɗin marufi da aka yi da kaddarorin musamman na polymer mai sha ruwa zai iya kiyaye sabo na abinci yadda ya kamata. Ƙara ƙaramin adadin polymer mai sha ruwa a cikin kayan kwalliya na iya ƙara ɗanko na emulsion, wanda shine mafi kyawun mai kauri. Yin amfani da halayen polymer mai sha ruwa wanda ke sha ruwa kawai amma ba mai ko abubuwan narkewa na halitta ba, ana iya amfani da shi azaman wakili mai bushewa a masana'antu.
Saboda polymers masu shan ruwa sosai ba su da guba, ba sa ɓata wa jikin ɗan adam rai, ba sa haifar da rashin lafiya, kuma ba sa haɗuwa da jini, an yi amfani da su sosai a fannin magani a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Misali, ana amfani da shi don shafawa a jiki mai yawan ruwa kuma yana da sauƙin amfani; don samar da bandeji na likita da ƙwallon auduga waɗanda za su iya shanye jini da fitar da ruwa daga tiyata da rauni, kuma za su iya hana fitar ruwa; don samar da magungunan hana ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda za su iya wucewa ta ruwa da magunguna amma ba ƙwayoyin cuta ba. Fata ta wucin gadi da ke yaɗuwa, da sauransu.
Tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, kariyar muhalli ta jawo hankali sosai. Idan aka saka polymer mai shan ruwa sosai a cikin jaka mai narkewa a cikin najasa, kuma aka nutsar da jakar a cikin najasa, idan jakar ta narke, polymer mai shan ruwa sosai zai iya shan ruwan cikin sauri don ƙarfafa najasa.
A masana'antar lantarki, ana iya amfani da polymers masu shan ruwa sosai a matsayin na'urori masu auna danshi, na'urori masu auna danshi, da kuma na'urorin gano ɓullar ruwa. Ana iya amfani da polymers masu shan ruwa sosai a matsayin masu ɗaukar ion na ƙarfe mai nauyi da kayan sha mai.
A takaice, polymer mai ɗaukar ruwa sosai wani nau'in polymer ne mai amfani da yawa. Ingantaccen haɓakar resin polymer mai ɗaukar ruwa sosai yana da babban damar kasuwa. A wannan shekarar, a ƙarƙashin yanayin fari da ƙarancin ruwan sama a yawancin sassan arewacin ƙasarmu, yadda ake ƙara haɓakawa da amfani da polymer mai ɗaukar ruwa sosai aiki ne mai gaggawa da masana kimiyya da masu fasaha na noma da gandun daji ke fuskanta. A yayin aiwatar da Dabaru na Ci Gaban Yamma, a cikin aikin inganta ƙasa, haɓaka da amfani da ayyuka da yawa na polymer mai ɗaukar ruwa sosai, wanda ke da fa'idodi na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na gaske. Zhuhai Demi Chemicals ya mamaye yanki na sama da murabba'in mita 30,000. Ya ƙware a cikin bincike da haɓakawa da samar da samfuran da suka shafi kayan ɗaukar ruwa sosai (SAP). Ita ce kamfani na farko na cikin gida da ke aiki a cikin resin mai ɗaukar ruwa sosai wanda ke haɗa binciken kimiyya, samarwa, tallace-tallace, da ayyukan fasaha. Kamfanonin fasaha masu tasowa. Kamfanin yana da haƙƙin mallakar fasaha mai zaman kansa, ƙarfin bincike da haɓakawa mai ƙarfi, kuma yana ƙaddamar da sabbin samfura akai-akai. An saka wannan aikin a cikin "tsarin tocila" na ƙasa kuma gwamnatocin ƙasa, larduna da ƙananan hukumomi sun yaba masa sau da yawa.
Yankin Aikace-aikace
1. Aikace-aikace a fannin noma da aikin lambu
Ana kuma kiran resin mai shan ruwa da ake amfani da shi a noma da noma da kuma namun daji. Ƙasata ƙasa ce da ke fama da ƙarancin ruwa a duniya. Saboda haka, amfani da sinadaran riƙe ruwa yana ƙara zama mahimmanci. A halin yanzu, cibiyoyin bincike na cikin gida sama da goma sha biyu sun ƙirƙiro samfuran resin mai shan ruwa da yawa don hatsi, auduga, mai, da sukari. , Taba, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, dazuzzuka da sauran nau'ikan shuke-shuke sama da 60, yankin haɓaka ya wuce hekta 70,000, da kuma amfani da resin mai shan ruwa da yawa a Arewa maso Yamma, Inner Mongolia da sauran wurare don dasa bishiyoyi masu girma a cikin ƙasa. Resin mai shan ruwa da ake amfani da shi a wannan fanni galibi samfuran da aka dasa acrylate polymer da aka dasa a cikin sitaci da samfuran da aka haɗa acrylamide-acrylate copolymer, waɗanda gishirin ya canza daga nau'in sodium zuwa nau'in potassium. Manyan hanyoyin da ake amfani da su sune miya iri, feshi, shafa rami, ko jiƙa tushen shuka bayan an gauraya da ruwa don yin manna. A lokaci guda kuma, ana iya amfani da resin mai shan ruwa sosai don shafa taki sannan a yi taki, don a ba da cikakken amfani ga yawan amfani da taki da kuma hana sharar gida da gurɓatawa. Kasashen waje kuma suna amfani da resin mai shan ruwa sosai a matsayin kayan marufi na 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu da abinci.
2. Ana amfani da shi a fannin likitanci da tsaftar muhalli galibi a matsayin napkin tsafta, zanen jarirai, napkin, fakitin kankara na likitanci; kayan ƙamshi masu kama da gel don amfani da su a kullum don daidaita yanayi. Ana amfani da shi azaman kayan likita na asali don shafawa, man shafawa, liniments, cataplasms, da sauransu, yana da ayyukan danshi, kauri, shigar fata da kuma gelation. Hakanan ana iya yin shi azaman mai ɗaukar kaya mai wayo wanda ke sarrafa adadin maganin da aka saki, lokacin fitarwa, da sararin fitarwa.
3. Aikace-aikace a masana'antu
Yi amfani da aikin resin mai shan ruwa sosai don shan ruwa a zafin jiki mai yawa da kuma fitar da ruwa a ƙananan zafin jiki don yin maganin hana danshi a masana'antu. A cikin ayyukan dawo da mai a filin mai, musamman a tsoffin filayen mai, amfani da maganin ruwa mai yawan polyacrylamide mai nauyin kwayoyin halitta don canja wurin mai yana da tasiri sosai. Hakanan ana iya amfani da shi don bushewar sinadarai masu narkewar halitta, musamman ga sinadarai masu narkewar halitta waɗanda ke da ƙarancin polarity. Akwai kuma masu kauri na masana'antu, fenti masu narkewar ruwa, da sauransu.
4. Aikace-aikacen gini
Kayan da ke ƙara yawan kumbura da ake amfani da shi a ayyukan kiyaye ruwa shine resin mai ɗaukar ruwa sosai, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don haɗa ramukan madatsun ruwa a lokutan ambaliyar ruwa, da kuma haɗa ruwa don haɗin ginshiƙai na ginshiƙai, ramuka da jiragen ƙasa; ana amfani da shi don maganin najasa na birane da ayyukan haƙa ƙasa. Ana ƙarfafa laka don sauƙaƙe haƙa da jigilar kaya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-08-2021