Kalmomi masu mahimmanci: Mai canza launin flocculant, mai canza launin, mai ƙera wakilin canza launin, Ƙawata launi
Tsakanin koguna masu tsabta da tekuna masu duhu, akwai ƙungiyar "masu kula da ingancin ruwa" waɗanda ba a taɓa jin su ba - masu canza launin flocculants. Kamar ƙwararren mai dafa abinci, suna iya canza "miyar" mai duhu zuwa ruwa mai tsabta. Amma wannan "mai dafa abinci" yana da nasa yanayin; yawan amfani, zafin jiki, da hanyar juyawa duk suna ƙayyade sakamakon ingancin ruwa na ƙarshe.
1. Yawan amfani: Yawa, Yawa; Yawaita ambaliya
Ka yi tunanin ƙara ruwa yayin dafa porridge: ruwa kaɗan ne, kuma porridge ɗin zai manne a ƙasa; ruwa da yawa, kuma zai zama siriri kuma ba shi da ɗanɗano. Yawan flocculant mai canza launi shima yana buƙatar ingantaccen kulawa. Wata masana'antar yadi, cikin sha'awar samun sakamako mai sauri, ta ƙara yawan da aka ba da shawarar da kashi 30%, wanda ba wai kawai ya haifar da gazawar cimma tasirin da ake so ba har ma da flocs masu yawa waɗanda suka daidaita da sauri, wanda ya ba da damar ragowar kwalaben rini a cikin ruwa su sake tsayawa kamar "kifin da ya zame ta cikin raga." Wata masana'antar rini, wacce ta bi ƙa'idar rabon 0.5‰ da aka ba da shawarar, ta ƙayyade mafi kyawun adadin ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje uku na ƙananan sikelin, a ƙarshe ta daidaita launin fitar da ruwa ƙasa da digiri 10, ta cika ƙa'idar fitarwa ta ƙasa ta Aji I.
2. Zafin Jiki: Lambar Sauri ta Halayen Sinadarai
Tasirin zafin jiki akan tasirin flocculation na flocculants masu canza launi kamar tafasa ƙwai ne: ruwan sanyi yana buƙatar haƙuri, yayin da ruwan tafasa ke haifar da glocculation cikin sauri. A wani injin niƙa takarda a arewacin China, lokacin da zafin ruwa ya faɗi zuwa 5°C a lokacin hunturu, masu fasaha sun rage lokacin flocculation daga mintuna 30 zuwa mintuna 15 ta hanyar sarrafa zafin narkewar flocculant a kusan 40°C, wanda ya ba da damar sarƙoƙin kwayoyin halitta su faɗaɗa gaba ɗaya. A halin yanzu, a wani masana'antar lantarki a kudancin China, a lokacin yanayin zafi mai yawa na bazara, ƙara retarder yana kiyaye zafin amsawar ƙasa da 25°C, yana hana karyewar floc.
3. Darajar pH: Fasahar Daidaito Tsakanin Acid da Alkalinity
Darajar pH, kamar acidity ko alkalinity a kan palette, tana shafar "halayen" flocculants kai tsaye. Wata masana'antar sarrafa abinci, wacce ke kula da ruwan sharar gida mai mai, ta gano cewa lokacin da pH ɗin yake tsakanin 6 da 7, ƙwayoyin flocculant na iya jawo hankalin ƙwayoyin mai kamar maganadisu. Duk da haka, lokacin da pH ɗin ya wuce 8, flocs ɗin sun yi laushi kuma sun yi rauni, kuma ƙimar cire COD ta ragu da 40%. Ta hanyar shigar da na'urar sa ido kan pH ta yanar gizo, masu fasaha sun sami iko a ainihin lokaci, suna daidaita COD ɗin da ke fitarwa ƙasa da 50 mg/L.
4. Juyawa: Bari Kwayoyin Halitta Su Yi Rawa Da Cikakken Waltz
Saurin da lokacin juyawa suna kama da sautin rawa: da sauri zai wargaza flocs, da jinkiri sosai ba zai gauraya su sosai ba. Wata masana'antar tace ruwan shara ta birni ta ɗauki dabarun juyawa "mai sauri amma mai jinkiri": an yi amfani da mintuna 2 na farko don haɗawa da sauri a 150 rpm don tabbatar da cikakken hulɗa tsakanin flocculant mai canza launi da gurɓatattun abubuwa; an yi amfani da mintuna 5 na gaba don haɗawa a hankali a rpm 30 don ba da damar flocs su girma a hankali. Wannan haɗin juyawa mai sauri da jinkiri ya ƙara girman barbashi na floc daga 50 μm zuwa 200 μm, kuma saurin daidaitawa ya ƙaru da sau 3.
5. Lokaci: Fasahar Tsaftacewa
Lokacin daidaitawa kamar tsarin yin ruwan inabi ne: gajere ne kuma ruwan inabin yana da rauni, yana da tsayi sosai kuma yana rasa sabo. Wani wurin masana'antar sinadarai ya gano ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen kwatantawa cewa lokacin da aka tsawaita lokacin daidaitawa daga mintuna 30 zuwa mintuna 45, ƙimar cirewar SS ta ƙaru daga kashi 85% zuwa 92%. Duk da haka, bayan mintuna 60, an sake dakatar da flocs ɗin da aka daidaita saboda "zama na dogon lokaci," wanda ya sa tururin ruwa ya sake dawowa.
Daga yawan da zafin jiki zuwa darajar pH da kuma juyawa, kowane bayani game da flocculant mai canza launi yana ƙayyade ingancin ruwa na ƙarshe. Kamar yadda wani ƙwararren injiniyan sarrafa ruwa ya taɓa faɗi, "Ba muna maganin ruwa ba ne, amma muna sadarwa da ƙwayoyin halitta." Lokacin da kowane digo na wakilin ya sami wurin da ya dace, kowane matakin zafin jiki ya yi daidai, kuma kowane minti na lalata ƙasa an yi shi da haƙuri, ruwan da ke da tsabta zai zama shaida ga wannan girmamawa ga yanayi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-26-2025