Xu Darong 1,2, Zhang Zhongzhi 2, Jiang Hao 1, Ma Zhigang 1
(1. Beijing Guoneng Zhongdian makamashi kiyayewa da kuma fasahar kare muhalli Co., Ltd., Beijing 100022; 2. China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249)
Abstract: a fagen sharar ruwa da sharar sharar sharar gida, PAC da PAM an yi amfani da su sosai azaman kayan aikin flocculant na yau da kullun da kayan aikin coagulant. Wannan takarda ta gabatar da tasirin aikace-aikacen da matsayi na bincike na pac-pam a fannoni daban-daban, a takaice ya bayyana fahimta da ra'ayoyin masu bincike daban-daban game da haɗuwa da pac-pam, da kuma cikakken nazarin bukatun aikace-aikace da ka'idodin pac-pam a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na gwaji. da yanayin filin. Dangane da abun ciki da sakamakon bincike na bita, wannan takarda tana nuna ƙa'idar cikin gida na pac-pam da ake amfani da ita ga yanayin aiki daban-daban, kuma ta nuna cewa haɗin PAC da PAM shima yana da lahani, kuma yanayin aikace-aikacensa da sashi yana buƙatar buƙata. a yanke shawara bisa ga takamaiman yanayi.
Mahimman kalmomi: polyaluminium chloride; Polyacrylamide; Maganin ruwa; Yawo
0 Gabatarwa
A cikin masana'antar masana'antu, haɗin gwiwar amfani da polyaluminium chloride (PAC) da polyacrylamide (PAM) don magance ruwa mai sharar gida da sharar gida iri ɗaya ya haifar da sarkar fasahar balagagge, amma tsarin aikin haɗin gwiwa ba a bayyane yake ba, kuma adadin sashi don yanayin aiki daban-daban fannoni daban-daban kuma sun bambanta.
Wannan takarda ta yi nazarin ɗimbin ɗimbin wallafe-wallafen da suka dace a gida da waje, ta taƙaita tsarin haɗin gwiwa na PAC da PAC, kuma yana yin cikakken kididdiga akan ƙididdiga masu mahimmanci daban-daban tare da ainihin tasirin PAC da PAM a cikin masana'antu daban-daban, wanda ke da mahimmancin jagora. don ci gaba da bincike a fannonin da suka shafi.
1. Misalin bincike na aikace-aikacen gida na pac-pam
Ana amfani da tasirin haɗin kai na PAC da PAM a kowane fanni na rayuwa, amma sashi da hanyoyin kulawa da tallafi sun bambanta don yanayin aiki daban-daban da wuraren jiyya.
1.1 najasa a cikin gida da sludge na birni
Zhao Yueyang (2013) da sauransu sun gwada tasirin coagulation na PAM a matsayin taimakon coagulant ga PAC da PAFC ta hanyar amfani da hanyar gwajin cikin gida. Gwajin ya gano cewa tasirin coagulation na PAC bayan coagulation na PAM ya karu sosai.
Wang Mutong (2010) da sauransu sun yi nazarin tasirin magani na PAC + PA akan najasar gida a cikin gari, kuma sun yi nazarin yadda ake kawar da COD da sauran alamomi ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen orthogonal.
Lin Yingzi (2014) et al. Yayi nazarin ingantaccen tasirin coagulation na PAC da PAM akan algae a cikin injin sarrafa ruwa. Yang Hongmei (2017) et al. Yayi nazarin tasirin jiyya na haɗaɗɗun amfani akan ruwan sharar kimchi, kuma yayi la'akari da cewa mafi kyawun ƙimar pH shine 6.
Fu peiqian (2008) et al. Ya yi nazari kan tasirin flocculant ɗin da aka haɗa don sake amfani da ruwa. Ta hanyar auna tasirin kawar da ƙazanta irin su turbidity, TP, COD da phosphate a cikin samfuran ruwa, an gano cewa flocculant mai haɗaka yana da tasiri mai kyau na cirewa akan kowane irin ƙazanta.
Cao Longtian (2012) da sauransu sun yi amfani da hanyar haɗakar ruwa don magance matsalolin jinkirin saurin amsawa, tafiye-tafiyen haske da wahalar nutsewa a cikin tsarin kula da ruwa a arewa maso gabashin China saboda ƙarancin zafin jiki a lokacin hunturu.
Liu Hao (2015) et al. Ya yi nazarin tasirin jiyya na flocculant mai haɗaka a kan wahalar daskarewa da raguwar raguwa a cikin najasa na gida, kuma ya gano cewa ƙara wani adadin PAM flocculate yayin ƙara PAM da PAC na iya inganta tasirin jiyya na ƙarshe.
1.2 bugu da rini da ruwan sha da yin takarda
Zhang Lanhe (2015) et al. Ya yi nazarin tasirin daidaitawar chitosan (CTS) da coagulant a cikin maganin dattin ruwa, kuma ya gano cewa yana da kyau a ƙara chitosan.
An haɓaka ƙimar cire COD da turbidity da 13.2% da 5.9%.
Xie Lin (2010) ya yi nazari kan tasirin PAC da PAM tare da haɗin gwiwar maganin datti na yin takarda.
Liu Zhiqiang (2013) da sauransu sun yi amfani da PAC da aka yi da kansu da PAC composite flocculant haɗe da ultrasonic don magance bugu da rini na ruwa. An kammala cewa lokacin da ƙimar pH ta kasance tsakanin 11 da 13, an fara ƙara PAC kuma an motsa shi don 2 min, sa'an nan kuma an ƙara PAC kuma an motsa shi don 3 min, tasirin magani shine mafi kyau.
Zhou Danni (2016) da sauransu sun yi nazari kan tasirin maganin PAC + PAM akan najasa a cikin gida, idan aka kwatanta tasirin maganin haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta da maganin ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma sun gano cewa PAC + PAM ya fi tsarin kula da ilimin halittu wajen kawar da tasirin mai, amma PAC + PAM ya kasance mafi kyau fiye da hanyar magani na halitta a cikin ingancin ruwa.
Wang Zhizhi (2014) et al. Ya yi nazarin hanyar jiyya na yin takarda ta tsakiya ta hanyar PAC + PAM coagulation a matsayin wani ɓangare na hanyar. Lokacin da adadin PAC ya kasance 250 mg / L, adadin PAM shine 0.7 mg / L, kuma ƙimar pH ta kusan tsaka tsaki, ƙimar cire COD ya kai 68%.
Zuo Weiyuan (2018) da sauransu sunyi nazari kuma sun kwatanta tasirin flocculation na Fe3O4 / PAC / PAM. Gwajin ya nuna cewa idan rabon ukun ya kasance 1: 2: 1, tasirin jiyya na bugu da rina ruwa shine mafi kyau.
LV Sining (2010) et al. Ya yi nazarin tasirin jiyya na haɗin PAC + PAM akan ruwan sha na tsakiya. Binciken ya nuna cewa tasirin flocculation mai hade shine mafi kyau a cikin yanayin acidic (pH 5). Matsakaicin PAC shine 1200 mg / L, adadin PAM shine 120 mg / L, kuma adadin cire cod ya fi 60%.
1.3 ruwan sinadari na kwal da kuma tace ruwan datti
Yang Lei (2013) et al. Yayi nazarin tasirin coagulation na PAC + PAM a cikin masana'antar sharar ruwa a masana'antar kwal, idan aka kwatanta ragowar turbidity a ƙarƙashin ma'auni daban-daban, kuma ya ba da daidaitaccen sashi na PAM bisa ga turbidity na farko daban-daban.
Fang Xiaoling (2014) da sauransu sun kwatanta tasirin coagulation na PAC + Chi da PAC + PAM akan ruwan sharar matatar. Sun kammala cewa PAC + Chi yana da mafi kyawun tasirin flocculation da ingantaccen cirewar COD. Sakamakon gwaji ya nuna cewa mafi kyawun lokacin motsawa shine 10 min kuma mafi kyawun ƙimar pH shine 7.
Deng Lei (2017) et al. Yayi nazarin tasirin flocculation na PAC + PAM akan hako ruwan sharar ruwa, kuma adadin cirewar COD ya kai sama da 80%.
Wu Jinhua (2017) et al. Ya yi nazarin maganin sharar ruwan sinadarai ta kwal ta hanyar coagulation. PAC shine 2 g / L kuma PAM shine 1 mg / L. gwajin ya nuna cewa mafi kyawun ƙimar pH shine 8.
Guo Jinling (2009) et al. Ya yi nazarin tasirin maganin ruwa na flocculation composite kuma yayi la'akari da cewa tasirin cirewa shine mafi kyawun lokacin da adadin PAC ya kasance 24 mg / L kuma PAM shine 0.3 mg / L.
Lin Lu (2015) et al. Ya yi nazarin tasirin flocculation na haɗin pac-pam akan man emulsified mai ɗauke da ruwan sha a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban, kuma idan aka kwatanta tasirin flocculant ɗaya. Matsakaicin ƙarshe shine: PAC 30 mg / L, pam6 mg / L, zazzabi na yanayi 40 ℃, ƙimar pH tsaka tsaki da lokacin lalata fiye da 30 min. A ƙarƙashin mafi kyawun yanayi, ingancin cirewar COD ya kai kusan 85%.
2 ƙarshe da shawarwari
Haɗin polyaluminium chloride (PAC) da polyacrylamide (PAM) an yi amfani da su sosai a kowane fanni na rayuwa. Yana da babban tasiri a fagen kula da ruwa da sludge, kuma ana buƙatar ƙarin bincika darajar masana'anta.
Haɗin haɗin PAC da PAM galibi ya dogara ne akan ingantaccen ductility na sarkar macromolecular PAM, haɗe da Al3 + a cikin PAC da - O a cikin PAM don samar da ingantaccen tsarin cibiyar sadarwa. Tsarin hanyar sadarwa na iya tsayayye lullube sauran ƙazanta kamar ƙaƙƙarfan barbashi da ɗigon mai, don haka yana da kyakkyawan tasirin magani ga ruwa mai datti tare da ƙazanta iri-iri, musamman don zaman tare da mai da ruwa.
A lokaci guda, haɗin PAC da PAM shima yana da lahani. Abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa na flocculate da aka kafa yana da girma, kuma tsarinsa na cikin kwanciyar hankali yana haifar da buƙatu mafi girma don magani na biyu. Sabili da haka, ci gaba da haɓaka PAC tare da PAM har yanzu yana fuskantar matsaloli da ƙalubale.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-09-2021