Flocculantgalibi ana kiranta da "masana'antu panacea", wanda ke da fa'idodi da yawa. A matsayin hanyar ƙarfafa m-ruwa rabuwa a fagen ruwa jiyya, shi za a iya amfani da su karfafa primary hazo na najasa, flotation jiyya da sakandare hazo bayan kunna sludge hanya. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi don maganin manyan makarantu ko najasa na zamani. A cikin maganin ruwa, sau da yawa akwai wasu abubuwan da ke shafar tasirin coagulation (yawan sinadarai), waɗannan abubuwan sun fi rikitarwa, ciki har da zafin ruwa, ƙimar pH da alkalinity, yanayi da ƙaddamar da ƙazanta a cikin ruwa, yanayin kiyaye ruwa na waje, da dai sauransu. .
1. Tasirin zafin ruwa
Ruwan zafi yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, da ƙananan zafin ruwa a cikin hunturu
yana da tasiri mafi girma akan amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, wanda yawanci yana haifar da jinkirin samuwar flocs tare da ɓangarorin lafiya da sako-sako. Manyan dalilan su ne:
A hydrolysis na inorganic gishiri coagulants ne endothermic dauki, da kuma hydrolysis na low zafin jiki coagulant ruwa yana da wuya.
Dankowar ruwan ƙananan zafin jiki yana da girma, wanda ke raunana motsin ɓangarorin najasa a cikin Brownian.
ruwa kuma yana rage damar yin karo, wanda ba shi da amfani ga raguwa da haɗuwa da colloids kuma yana rinjayar ci gaban flocs.
Lokacin da ruwan zafi ya yi ƙasa, ana haɓaka hydration na ƙwayoyin colloidal, wanda ke hana haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin colloidal, kuma yana rinjayar ƙarfin mannewa tsakanin ƙwayoyin colloidal.
Yanayin zafin ruwa yana da alaƙa da pH na ruwa. Lokacin da ruwan zafi ya yi ƙasa, ƙimar pH na ruwa yana ƙaruwa, kuma madaidaicin ƙimar pH don coagulation shima zai ƙaru. Sabili da haka, a cikin hunturu a cikin yankuna masu sanyi, yana da wuya a sami sakamako mai kyau na coagulation ko da an ƙara yawan adadin coagulant.
2. pH da Alkalinity
Ƙimar pH alama ce ta ko ruwan acidic ne ko alkaline, wato, mai nuna alamar H+ a cikin ruwa. Ƙimar pH na danyen ruwa kai tsaye yana rinjayar tasirin hydrolysis na coagulant, wato, lokacin da darajar pH na danyen ruwa ya kasance a cikin wani kewayon, ana iya tabbatar da tasirin coagulation.
Lokacin da aka ƙara coagulant a cikin ruwa, ƙaddamarwar H + a cikin ruwa yana ƙaruwa saboda hydrolysis na coagulant, wanda ya sa darajar pH na ruwa ya ragu kuma ya hana hydrolysis. Don kiyaye pH a cikin mafi kyawun kewayon, ruwan yakamata ya sami isassun abubuwan alkaline don kawar da H+. Ruwan dabi'a ya ƙunshi wani nau'i na alkalinity (yawanci HCO3-), wanda zai iya kawar da H + da aka haifar a lokacin hydrolysis na coagulant, kuma yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan darajar pH. Lokacin da alkalinity na danyen ruwa bai isa ba ko kuma an ƙara coagulant da yawa, ƙimar pH na ruwa zai ragu sosai, yana lalata tasirin coagulation.
3. Tasirin yanayi da tattara ƙazanta a cikin ruwa
Girman barbashi da cajin SS a cikin ruwa zai shafi tasirin coagulation. Gabaɗaya magana, diamita barbashi ƙanana ne kuma iri ɗaya, kuma tasirin coagulation ba shi da kyau; Matsakaicin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin ruwa yana da ƙasa, kuma yiwuwar haɗarin barbashi kadan ne, wanda ba shi da kyau ga coagulation; lokacin da turbidity ya yi girma, don lalata colloid a cikin ruwa, amfani da sinadaran da ake bukata zai karu sosai. Lokacin da babban adadin kwayoyin halitta ya kasance a cikin ruwa, ana iya yin amfani da shi ta hanyar yumbu mai yumbu, don haka canza yanayin yanayi na ƙwayoyin colloidal na asali, yana sa ƙwayoyin colloidal su zama mafi kwanciyar hankali, wanda zai yi tasiri sosai ga tasirin coagulation. A wannan lokacin, dole ne a ƙara oxidant a cikin ruwa don lalata tasirin kwayoyin halitta, inganta tasirin coagulation.
Narkar da gishiri a cikin ruwa kuma na iya shafar tasirin coagulation. Alal misali, lokacin da yawan adadin calcium da magnesium ions suka kasance a cikin ruwa na halitta, yana da amfani ga coagulation, yayin da babban adadin Cl- ba shi da amfani ga coagulation. A lokacin ambaliya, ruwa mai yawan turbidity dauke da adadi mai yawa na humus yana shiga cikin shuka saboda zazzagewar ruwan sama, kuma adadin da ake amfani da shi kafin chlorination da coagulant gabaɗaya yana dogara ne akan wannan.
4. Tasirin yanayin kiyaye ruwa na waje
Abubuwan da ake buƙata don haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin colloidal sune don lalata ƙwayoyin colloidal, da kuma sanya sassan colloidal da aka lalata su yi karo da juna. Babban aikin coagulant shi ne ya lalata ƙwayoyin colloidal, kuma tashin hankali na hydraulic na waje shine tabbatar da cewa ƙwayoyin colloidal zasu iya tuntuɓar coagulant gaba ɗaya, ta yadda ƙwayoyin colloidal su yi karo da juna don samar da flocs.
Domin sanya ɓangarorin colloidal su yi hulɗa da coagulant, dole ne a yi sauri da tarwatsewar coagulant a duk sassan jikin ruwa bayan an sanya coagulant a cikin ruwa, wanda aka fi sani da haɗuwa da sauri, wanda ake buƙata tsakanin 10 zuwa 30. dakikoki kuma ba fiye da mintuna 2 a mafi yawan ba.
5. Tasirin nauyin tasirin ruwa
Girgizawar ruwa tana nufin girgizar ruwa na lokaci-lokaci ko wanda ba na lokaci-lokaci na danyen ruwa ba, wanda ke canzawa kwatsam. Ruwan da ake amfani da shi a cikin birane na ayyukan ruwa da daidaita yawan ruwan sama zai shafi ruwan da ke shiga shuka, musamman a lokacin da ake samun kololuwar samar da ruwa a lokacin rani, wanda hakan kan sa ruwan da ke shiga shukar ya canza sosai, wanda ke haifar da daidaita yawan adadin. na sinadarai. Kuma tasirin ruwa bayan nutsewa ba shi da kyau sosai. Yana da kyau a lura cewa wannan canji baya karuwa a layi. Bayan haka, kula da lura da alum a cikin tanki mai amsawa, don kada ya lalata tasirin coagulation saboda yawan adadin kuzari.
6. Flocculantmatakan ceto
Baya ga abubuwan da ke sama, akwai kuma wasu matakan ceton ƙwayoyi, kamar ƙara yawan lokutan motsa jiki a cikin tafkin ruwa, rage hazo na ɗumbin ɓangarorin miyagun ƙwayoyi, daidaita magungunan, da kuma ceton shan miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Idan polyacrylamide yana so ya adana farashi a amfani, ya zama dole don zaɓar samfurin da ya dace. Ka'idar ita ce zabar polyacrylamide tare da sakamako mafi kyau na magani, mai tsada ba dole ba ne mafi kyau, kuma kada ku yi ƙoƙari ku zama mai arha don haifar da mummunan tasirin maganin ruwa, amma ƙara farashin. Zaɓi wakili wanda ba wai kawai yana rage yawan danshi na sludge ba, amma kuma yana rage yawan adadin wakilin naúrar. Yi gwaje-gwajen flocculation akan samfuran magunguna da aka bayar, zaɓi nau'ikan magunguna biyu ko uku tare da tasirin gwaji mai kyau, sannan ku yi gwaje-gwajen kan injin bi da bi don lura da tasirin laka na ƙarshe da tantance nau'ikan magunguna na ƙarshe.
Polyacrylamide gabaɗaya tsayayyen barbashi ne. Yana buƙatar a shirya shi a cikin wani bayani mai ruwa tare da wani solubility. Matsakaicin yawanci tsakanin 0.1% da 0.3%. Mai da hankali sosai ko kuma bakin ciki sosai zai shafi tasirin, ɓatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi, ƙara farashi, da narkar da granular polymerization. Ruwan abin ya zama mai tsabta (kamar ruwan famfo), ba najasa ba. Ruwa a zafin jiki ya isa, gabaɗaya ba a buƙatar dumama. Lokacin da ruwan zafi ya yi ƙasa da 5 ° C, narkarwar tana da sannu a hankali, kuma ana ƙara saurin rushewa lokacin da zafin ruwa ya karu. Amma sama da 40 ℃ zai hanzarta lalata polymer kuma yana shafar tasirin amfani. Gabaɗaya, ruwan famfo ya dace don shirya mafita na polymer. Acid mai ƙarfi, alkali mai ƙarfi, ruwan gishiri mai yawa ba su dace da shiri ba.
Kula da lokacin warkewa a cikin shirye-shiryen wakili, don haka wakili zai iya narkar da shi a cikin ruwa kuma ba a yi girma ba, in ba haka ba ba zai haifar da lalacewa kawai ba, amma kuma zai shafi tasirin laka. Tufafin tacewa da bututun kuma suna da saurin toshewa, wanda ke haifar da sharar gida akai-akai. Da zarar an tsara shi a cikin mafita, lokacin ajiya yana iyakance. Gabaɗaya magana, lokacin da ƙaddamarwar maganin shine 0.1%, maganin polymer ɗin da ba na anionic bai kamata ya wuce mako ɗaya ba, kuma maganin cationic polymer kada ya wuce kwana ɗaya.
Bayan shirye-shiryen wakili, a lokacin aiwatar da maganin, kula da canjin laka da tasirin laka, da kuma daidaita sashi na wakili a cikin lokaci don cimma sakamako mafi kyau.
Dole ne a adana maganin a cikin busasshen ma'ajin, kuma a rufe jakar maganin. A cikin amfani, yi amfani da yawa gwargwadon yiwuwa, kuma rufe maganin da ba a yi amfani da shi ba don guje wa danshi. A cikin shirye-shiryen magunguna, ya kamata a kula da kada a daidaita shi yadda ya kamata, kuma ruwan da aka sanya na dogon lokaci yana da sauƙi na ruwa kuma ba za a iya amfani dashi ba.
Kayan aiki masu kyau, ƙwararrun ma'aikatan samun kudin shiga, da mafi kyawun sabis na tallace-tallace; Mu kuma babban dangi ne mai haɗin kai, kowa ya kasance tare da ƙungiyar ƙimar "haɗin kai, ƙuduri, haƙuri" don Quots donPolyacrylamideFlocculamide Anionic Cationic Nonionic Ruwa Magani Polyacrylamide, Muna maraba da abokai daga kowane fanni na rayuwar yau da kullun don farautar haɗin gwiwar juna da gina ƙarin haske da kyan gani gobe. "polyelectrolyte"
Quots don Jiyya na Sinadari da Sharar Ruwa na kasar Sin, Tare da ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarin abin dogaro, mun kasance a nan don bauta wa abokan cinikinmu ta hanyar samar da mafi inganci da sabis, kuma muna godiya da goyon bayan ku. Za mu yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye babban suna a matsayin mafi kyawun masu siyar da kayayyaki a duniya. Idan kuna da tambayoyi ko sharhi, ya kamata kutuntuɓar mukyauta.
Lokacin aikawa: Nov-04-2022