Ruwan sharar magunguna na masana'antar harhada magunguna ya haɗa da samar da ruwan sha na ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma samar da ruwan sha na ƙwayoyin cuta. Ruwan datti na masana'antar harhada magunguna ya ƙunshi nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta, samar da ruwan sha na ƙwayoyin cuta, samar da ruwan daɗaɗɗen magungunan roba, samar da magunguna na kasar Sin da ke samar da ruwan sha, ruwan wankewa da wanke ruwa daga matakai daban-daban. Ruwan datti yana da alaƙa da hadadden abun da ke ciki, babban abun ciki na kwayoyin halitta, yawan guba, launi mai zurfi, babban abun ciki na gishiri, musamman rashin kyawun sinadarai na sinadarai da fitarwa na tsaka-tsaki. Ruwa ne na masana'antu wanda ke da wuyar magani. Tare da ci gaban masana'antar harhada magunguna ta ƙasata, ruwan sharar magunguna a hankali ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin gurɓataccen ruwa.
1. Hanyar magani na ruwan sharar magunguna
Za a iya taƙaita hanyoyin magance ruwan sharar magunguna kamar haka: maganin sinadarai na jiki, maganin sinadarai, jiyya na sinadarai da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwar hanyoyi daban-daban, kowace hanyar magani tana da nata fa'ida da rashin amfani.
Jiki da sinadarai magani
Dangane da halayen ingancin ruwa na ruwan sharar magunguna, ana buƙatar yin amfani da jiyya na physicochemical azaman riga-kafi ko tsarin jiyya don maganin ƙwayoyin cuta. Hanyoyin jiyya na jiki da sinadarai da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu sun haɗa da coagulation, hawan iska, adsorption, cirewar ammonia, electrolysis, musayar ion da rabuwar membrane.
coagulation
Wannan fasaha hanya ce ta maganin ruwa da ake amfani da ita a gida da waje. An yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin riga-kafi da kuma bayan jiyya na ruwan sha na likitanci, irin su aluminum sulfate da polyferric sulfate a cikin ruwan sharar magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin. Makullin don ingantaccen maganin coagulation shine zaɓi daidai da ƙari na coagulant tare da kyakkyawan aiki. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, jagorancin ci gaban coagulant ya canza daga ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa polymers masu girma, kuma daga sassa guda zuwa aikin haɗakarwa [3]. Liu Minghua et al. [4] sun bi da COD, SS da chromaticity na ruwa mai sharar gida tare da pH na 6.5 da adadin flocculant na 300 MG/L tare da ingantaccen haɓakar flocculant F-1. Yawan cirewar sun kasance 69.7%, 96.4% da 87.5%, bi da bi.
iska iyo
Yawowar iska gabaɗaya ya haɗa da nau'o'i daban-daban kamar hawan iska mai iska, narkar da iska, yawowar iska mai sinadari, da bututun iska. Kamfanin masana'antar harhada magunguna na Xinchang yana amfani da na'urar yawo da iska ta CAF don share ruwan sharar magunguna. Matsakaicin adadin cire COD shine kusan 25% tare da sinadarai masu dacewa.
hanyar adsorption
Ana amfani da adsorbents na yau da kullun ana kunna carbon, kunna wuta, humic acid, resin adsorption, da sauransu. Kamfanin Wuhan Jianmin Pharmaceutical Factory yana amfani da adsorption na kwal ash - tsarin kula da ilimin halittu na sakandare na biyu don magance ruwa mai datti. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ƙimar cirewar COD na adsorption pretreatment shine 41.1%, kuma an inganta rabon BOD5/COD.
Rabuwar membrane
Fasahar membrane sun haɗa da juyar da osmosis, nanofiltration da fiber membranes don dawo da kayan aiki masu amfani da rage yawan hayaƙi. Babban fasalulluka na wannan fasaha shine kayan aiki mai sauƙi, aiki mai dacewa, babu canjin lokaci da canjin sinadarai, ingantaccen aiki da ingantaccen makamashi. Juanna et al. amfani da nanofiltration membranes don raba cinnamycin sharar gida. An gano cewa tasirin hana lincomycin akan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwan datti ya ragu, kuma an dawo da cinnamycin.
electrolysis
Hanyar yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high dace, sauki aiki da makamantansu, da electrolytic decolorization sakamako ne mai kyau. Li Ying [8] ya gudanar da maganin rigakafi na electrolytic a kan riboflavin supernatant, kuma adadin cire COD, SS da chroma ya kai 71%, 83% da 67%, bi da bi.
sinadaran magani
Lokacin da ake amfani da hanyoyin sinadarai, yawan amfani da wasu reagents na iya haifar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa na biyu. Saboda haka, ya kamata a yi aikin bincike na gwaji da ya dace kafin zane. Hanyoyin sinadarai sun haɗa da hanyar ƙarfe-carbon, hanyar redox sinadarai (Fenton reagent, H2O2, O3), fasahar iskar oxygen mai zurfi, da sauransu.
Hanyar carbon karfe
Ayyukan masana'antu sun nuna cewa yin amfani da Fe-C a matsayin mataki na farko don ruwan sharar magunguna na iya inganta haɓakar ƙazanta. Lou Maoxing yana amfani da ƙarfe-micro-electrolysis-anaerobic-aerobic-air flotation hadewar jiyya don kula da ruwan sharar magunguna na tsaka-tsakin magunguna kamar erythromycin da ciprofloxacin. Adadin cirewar COD bayan jiyya tare da ƙarfe da carbon ya kasance 20%. %, kuma ƙazamin ƙarshe ya bi ƙa'idar matakin farko na ƙasa na "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-1996).
Fenton's reagent aiki
Haɗin gishiri mai ƙura da H2O2 ana kiransa Fenton's reagent, wanda zai iya kawar da kwayar halitta mai jujjuyawar da ba za a iya cire ta ta hanyar fasahar maganin ruwa ta gargajiya ba. Tare da zurfafa bincike, hasken ultraviolet (UV), oxalate (C2O42-), da sauransu an gabatar da su a cikin reagent na Fenton, wanda ya haɓaka ƙarfin iskar oxygen. Yin amfani da TiO2 azaman mai haɓakawa da fitilar mercury mai ƙarancin matsi na 9W azaman tushen haske, ana kula da ruwan sharar magunguna tare da reagent Fenton, ƙimar decolorization shine 100%, ƙimar cirewar COD shine 92.3%, kuma fili na nitrobenzene ya ragu daga 8.05mg. /L. 0.41 mg/l.
Oxidation
Hanyar za ta iya inganta haɓakar halittun ruwa na sharar gida kuma yana da mafi kyawun cirewar COD. Misali, ruwan sharar kwayoyin cuta guda uku irin su Balcioglu an yi musu magani ta hanyar iskar oxygen. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ozonation na ruwan sha ba wai kawai ya karu da rabon BOD5/COD ba, amma kuma yawan cire COD ya kasance sama da 75%.
Fasahar Oxidation
Har ila yau, da aka sani da ci-gaba hadawan abu da iskar shaka fasahar, shi ya kawo tare da latest sakamakon bincike na zamani haske, lantarki, sauti, magnetism, kayan da sauran irin wannan tarurruka, ciki har da electrochemical hadawan abu da iskar shaka, rigar hadawan abu da iskar shaka, supercritical ruwa hadawan abu da iskar shaka, photocatalytic hadawan abu da iskar shaka iskar shaka da kuma ultrasonic lalata. Daga cikin su, ultraviolet photocatalytic hadawan abu da iskar shaka fasahar yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga sabon abu, high dace, kuma babu selectivity ga sharar gida ruwa, kuma shi ne musamman dace da lalata unsaturated hydrocarbons. Idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin magani kamar haskoki na ultraviolet, dumama, da matsa lamba, maganin ultrasonic na kwayoyin halitta ya fi kai tsaye kuma yana buƙatar ƙarancin kayan aiki. A matsayin sabon nau'in magani, an ƙara kulawa. Xiao Guangquan et al. [13] sunyi amfani da hanyar tuntuɓar nazarin halittu na ultrasonic-aerobic don magance ruwan sharar magunguna. An gudanar da maganin Ultrasonic don 60s kuma ikon ya kasance 200 w, kuma jimlar cirewar COD na ruwan datti shine 96%.
Jiyya na Biochemical
Fasahar jiyya ta sinadarai fasaha ce da ake amfani da ita sosai na maganin sharar ruwa na harhada magunguna, gami da hanyar nazarin halittu na aerobic, hanyar nazarin halittun anaerobic, da kuma hanyar haɗin aerobic-anaerobic.
Aerobic nazarin halittu magani
Tunda mafi yawan ruwan sharar magunguna na daɗaɗɗen ruwan sharar kwayoyin halitta, gabaɗaya ya zama dole a narke maganin haja yayin jiyya na nazarin halittu. Sabili da haka, yawan wutar lantarki yana da girma, ana iya magance ruwan datti ta hanyar biochemically, kuma yana da wuya a fitar da shi kai tsaye zuwa ma'auni bayan maganin kwayoyin halitta. Saboda haka, aerobic amfani kadai. Akwai ƴan magunguna da ake samu kuma ana buƙatar pretreatment gabaɗaya. Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na maganin ilimin halitta da aka yi amfani da su sun haɗa da hanyar sludge mai kunnawa, hanyar daɗaɗɗa mai zurfi mai zurfi, hanyar adsorption biodegradation (AB method), hanyar sadarwa na oxidation, sequencing batch batch activated sludge method (hanyar SBR), kewayawa hanyar sludge mai kunnawa, da dai sauransu. (Hanyar CASS) da sauransu.
Hanyar iska mai zurfi
Zurfin rijiyar iska shine tsarin sludge mai saurin aiki mai sauri. Hanyar yana da ƙimar amfani da iskar oxygen mai girma, ƙananan filin bene, sakamako mai kyau na magani, ƙananan zuba jari, ƙananan farashin aiki, babu sludge bulking da ƙananan samar da sludge. Bugu da ƙari, tasirin sa na thermal yana da kyau, kuma maganin ba zai shafi yanayin yanayi ba, wanda zai iya tabbatar da tasirin maganin ruwan sanyi na hunturu a yankunan arewa. Bayan da ruwan sharar ruwa mai yawa daga masana'antar Pharmaceutical na Arewa maso Gabas ya yi amfani da sinadarai ta hanyar tankin rijiyar ruwa mai zurfi, adadin cirewar COD ya kai kashi 92.7%. Ana iya ganin cewa ingancin sarrafawa yana da yawa sosai, wanda ke da matukar fa'ida ga sarrafawa na gaba. taka muhimmiyar rawa.
Hanyar AB
Hanyar AB hanya ce ta sludge mai ɗaukar nauyi mai nauyi. Yawan cire BOD5, COD, SS, phosphorus da ammonia nitrogen ta tsarin AB gabaɗaya ya fi na aikin sludge da aka kunna na al'ada. Babban fa'idodinsa shine babban nauyin sashin A, ƙarfin ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi mai ƙarfi, da babban tasirin buffering akan ƙimar pH da abubuwa masu guba. Ya dace musamman don magance najasa tare da babban taro da manyan canje-canje a cikin ingancin ruwa da yawa. Hanyar Yang Junshi et al. yana amfani da hanyar nazarin halittu ta hydrolysis acidification-AB don magance ruwan datti na ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ke da ɗan gajeren tsari mai gudana, ceton makamashi, kuma farashin jiyya ya yi ƙasa da tsarin flocculation-biological magani na irin wannan ruwan datti.
nazarin halittu lamba hadawan abu da iskar shaka
Wannan fasaha ya haɗu da abũbuwan amfãni na kunna sludge hanya da biofilm hanya, kuma yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high girma load, low sludge samar, karfi tasiri juriya, barga tsari aiki da dace management. Yawancin ayyuka suna ɗaukar hanyar matakai biyu, suna nufin mamaye manyan nau'ikan gida a matakai daban-daban, ba da cikakkiyar wasa ga tasirin daidaitawa tsakanin al'ummomi daban-daban, da haɓaka tasirin sinadarai da juriya. A cikin aikin injiniya, ana amfani da narkewar anaerobic da acidification a matsayin mataki na farko, kuma ana amfani da tsarin oxidation na lamba don magance ruwan sharar magunguna. Harbin North Pharmaceutical Factory rungumi dabi'ar hydrolysis acidification-biyu nazarin halittu lamba iskar shaka tsari. Sakamakon aiki ya nuna cewa tasirin maganin yana da kwanciyar hankali kuma tsarin tsarin yana da ma'ana. Tare da balaga a hankali na fasahar aiwatarwa, filayen aikace-aikacen kuma sun fi yawa
Hanyar SBR
Hanyar SBR tana da fa'idodi na juriya mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, babban aikin sludge, tsari mai sauƙi, babu buƙatar komawa baya, aiki mai sassauƙa, ƙaramin sawun ƙafa, ƙaramin saka hannun jari, aikin barga, ƙimar cirewar ƙasa mai girma, da ƙarancin denitrification da cirewar phosphorus. . Canjin ruwan sharar gida. Gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a kan kula da ruwan sharar magunguna ta hanyar tsarin SBR sun nuna cewa lokacin iska yana da tasiri mai yawa akan tasirin magani na tsari; saitin sassan anoxic, musamman ma maimaita ƙirar anaerobic da aerobic, na iya inganta tasirin magani sosai; da SBR ingantaccen magani na PAC Tsarin zai iya inganta tasirin cirewar tsarin sosai. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tsarin ya zama cikakke kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin maganin datti na magunguna.
Maganin Halittar Halitta Anaerobic
A halin yanzu, maganin dattin ruwa mai yawa a gida da waje ya dogara ne akan hanyar anaerobic, amma COD mai fitar da ruwa har yanzu yana da girma bayan jiyya ta hanyar anaerobic daban-daban, kuma bayan jiyya (kamar jiyya na ilimin halitta) gabaɗaya ake bukata. A halin yanzu, har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don ƙarfafa haɓakawa da ƙira na ingantattun injinan anaerobic masu inganci, da zurfafa bincike kan yanayin aiki. Mafi nasara aikace-aikace a cikin maganin sharar gida na magunguna sune Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB), Anaerobic Composite Bed (UBF), Anaerobic Baffle Reactor (ABR), hydrolysis, da dai sauransu.
Dokar USB
UASB reactor yana da fa'idodin ingantaccen narkewar anaerobic, tsari mai sauƙi, ɗan gajeren lokacin riƙe ruwa, kuma babu buƙatar na'urar dawo da sludge daban. Lokacin da ake amfani da UASB a cikin jiyya na kanamycin, chlorin, VC, SD, glucose da sauran ruwan da ake samarwa na magunguna, abun cikin SS yawanci bai yi yawa ba don tabbatar da cewa adadin cire COD ya wuce 85% zuwa 90%. Adadin cire COD na jerin matakai biyu UASB na iya kaiwa sama da 90%.
Hanyoyin ciniki na UBF
Saya Wenning et al. An gudanar da gwajin kwatance akan UASB da UBF. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa UBF yana da halaye na kyakkyawar canja wurin taro da tasirin rabuwa, nau'ikan halittu daban-daban da nau'in halitta, ingantaccen aiki mai ƙarfi, da kwanciyar hankali mai ƙarfi. Oxygen bioreactor.
Hydrolysis da acidification
Ana kiran tankin ruwa na Hydrolyzed Upstream Sludge Bed (HUSB) kuma UASB ne da aka gyara. Idan aka kwatanta da cikakken tsari na anaerobic tank, tanki na hydrolysis yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa: babu buƙatar rufewa, babu motsawa, babu mai raba kashi uku, wanda ya rage farashin kuma yana sauƙaƙe kulawa; zai iya lalata macromolecules da abubuwan da ba za su iya rayuwa ba a cikin najasa zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Halin kwayoyin halitta mai sauƙi mai sauƙi yana inganta haɓakar ɗanyen ruwa; abin da ke faruwa yana da sauri, ƙarar tanki kadan ne, zuba jari na babban birnin yana da ƙananan, kuma an rage yawan sludge. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yi amfani da tsarin hydrolysis-aerobic sosai a cikin maganin datti na magunguna. Misali, masana'antar biopharmaceutical tana amfani da hydrolytic acidification-tsari biyu na hulɗar halittu don magance ruwan sharar magunguna. Ayyukan yana da ƙarfi kuma tasirin cire kwayoyin halitta yana da ban mamaki. Yawan cirewar COD, BOD5 SS da SS sun kasance 90.7%, 92.4% da 87.6%, bi da bi.
Anaerobic-aerobic hade tsarin jiyya
Tun da maganin motsa jiki ko maganin anaerobic kadai ba zai iya biyan buƙatun ba, hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa irin su anaerobic-aerobic, hydrolytic acidification-aerobic magani inganta haɓakar biodegradability, juriya mai tasiri, farashin zuba jari da kuma maganin maganin ruwa. Ana amfani da shi sosai a aikin injiniya saboda aikin hanyar sarrafawa ɗaya. Misali, masana'antar harhada magunguna tana amfani da tsarin anaerobic-aerobic don magance ruwan sharar magunguna, ƙimar cirewar BOD5 shine 98%, ƙimar cirewar COD shine 95%, kuma tasirin jiyya ya tabbata. Ana amfani da tsarin micro-electrolysis-anaerobic hydrolysis-acidification-SBR don kula da ruwan datti na sinadarai na roba. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa dukkanin tsarin tafiyar matakai yana da tasiri mai karfi ga canje-canje a cikin ingancin ruwa da yawa, kuma yawan cirewar COD zai iya kaiwa 86% zuwa 92%, wanda shine kyakkyawan tsari na zaɓi don maganin ruwa na magunguna. – Catalytic Oxidation – Contact Oxidation Tsari. Lokacin da COD na mai tasiri ya kasance game da 12 000 mg / L, COD na ƙazanta ya kasance ƙasa da 300 mg / L; Yawan cirewar COD a cikin ruwan sharar magunguna na ilimin halitta wanda aka bi da hanyar biofilm-SBR zai iya kaiwa 87.5% ~ 98.31%, wanda ya fi na amfani guda ɗaya Tasirin Jiyya na hanyar biofilm da hanyar SBR.
Bugu da kari, tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasahar membrane, binciken aikace-aikacen na membrane bioreactor (MBR) a cikin kula da ruwan sharar magunguna ya zurfafa a hankali. MBR ya haɗu da halayen fasaha na rabuwa da membrane da maganin ilimin halitta, kuma yana da fa'idodi na babban nauyi mai ƙarfi, juriya mai ƙarfi, ƙaramin sawun ƙafa, da ƙarancin saura sludge. Anyi amfani da tsarin bioreactor na anaerobic membrane don kula da ruwan sharar ruwa na tsaka-tsakin acid chloride na magunguna tare da COD na 25 000 mg/L. Adadin cirewar COD na tsarin ya kasance sama da 90%. A karo na farko, an yi amfani da ikon da ya wajaba kwayoyin cuta don lalata takamaiman kwayoyin halitta. Ana amfani da ƙwayoyin bioreactors masu cirewa don kula da ruwan sharar masana'antu mai ɗauke da 3,4-dichloroaniline. HRT ya kasance 2 h, adadin cirewa ya kai 99%, kuma an sami sakamako mai kyau na jiyya. Duk da matsalar ɓacin rai, tare da ci gaba da haɓaka fasahar membrane, MBR za a fi amfani da shi sosai a fagen kula da ruwan sharar magunguna.
2. Tsarin jiyya da zaɓin ruwan sharar magunguna
Halayen ingancin ruwa na ruwan sharar magunguna sun sa ba zai yiwu a yi wa yawancin ruwan sharar magunguna ba su iya yin maganin sinadarai kawai, don haka dole ne a yi maganin da ya dace kafin maganin ƙwayoyin cuta. Gabaɗaya, ya kamata a kafa tanki mai daidaitawa don daidaita ingancin ruwa da ƙimar pH, kuma yakamata a yi amfani da hanyar physicochemical ko hanyar sinadarai azaman tsarin pretreatment bisa ga ainihin halin da ake ciki don rage SS, salinity da wani ɓangare na COD a cikin ruwa, rage. abubuwan da ke hana ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwan sharar gida, kuma suna haɓaka lalatawar ruwan datti. don sauƙaƙe maganin biochemical na gaba na ruwan datti.
Ruwan da aka riga aka gyara ana iya bi da shi ta hanyar anaerobic da tsarin motsa jiki gwargwadon halayen ingancin ruwa. Idan abubuwan da ake buƙata na zubar da ruwa suna da yawa, ya kamata a ci gaba da tsarin maganin aerobic bayan tsarin maganin aerobic. Zaɓin ƙayyadaddun tsari ya kamata a yi la'akari dalla-dalla game da abubuwa kamar yanayin ruwan sharar gida, tasirin jiyya na tsari, saka hannun jari a cikin ababen more rayuwa, da aiki da kiyayewa don sa fasahar ta yiwu da tattalin arziki. Duk hanyar hanya ita ce hanyar haɗin kai na pretreatment-anaerobic-aerobic-(bayan magani). Haɗin tsarin hydrolysis adsorption-contact oxidation- tace ana amfani da shi don magance cikakkiyar ruwan sharar magunguna mai ɗauke da insulin ɗan adam.
3. Sake amfani da amfani da abubuwa masu amfani a cikin ruwan sharar magunguna
Haɓaka samar da tsabta mai tsabta a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna, haɓaka ƙimar amfani da albarkatun ƙasa, cikakkiyar adadin dawo da samfuran tsaka-tsaki da samfuran samfuran, da rage ko kawar da gurbatar yanayi a cikin tsarin samarwa ta hanyar canjin fasaha. Saboda keɓancewar wasu hanyoyin samar da magunguna, ruwan sharar gida yana ƙunshe da adadi mai yawa na kayan sake sarrafa su. Don maganin irin wannan ruwan sha na magunguna, mataki na farko shine ƙarfafa dawo da kayan aiki da kuma amfani da su. Don ruwan sha mai tsaka-tsaki na magunguna tare da abun ciki na gishiri ammonium har zuwa 5% zuwa 10%, ana amfani da fim ɗin gyarawa don ƙafewa, maida hankali da crystallization don dawo da (NH4) 2SO4 da NH4NO3 tare da babban juzu'i na kusan 30%. Yi amfani da taki ko sake amfani. Amfanin tattalin arziki a bayyane yake; wani babban kamfanin harhada magunguna yana amfani da hanyar tsaftacewa don kula da samar da ruwan sha tare da babban abun ciki na formaldehyde. Bayan an dawo da iskar formaldehyde, ana iya ƙirƙira shi a cikin reagent na formalin ko ƙone shi azaman tushen zafi. Ta hanyar dawo da formaldehyde, za a iya tabbatar da ci gaba da amfani da albarkatu, kuma za a iya dawo da kuɗin zuba jari na tashar magani a cikin shekaru 4 zuwa 5, fahimtar haɗin kai na fa'idodin muhalli da fa'idodin tattalin arziki. Duk da haka, abubuwan da ke tattare da ruwan sha na magunguna na gabaɗaya yana da rikitarwa, da wuya a sake yin fa'ida, tsarin farfadowa yana da rikitarwa, kuma farashin yana da yawa. Don haka, ci gaba da ingantaccen fasahar kula da najasa shine mabuɗin magance matsalar najasa gaba ɗaya.
4 Kammalawa
An samu rahotanni da dama kan yadda ake kula da ruwan sha da magunguna. Koyaya, saboda bambancin albarkatun ƙasa da matakai a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna, ingancin ruwan sha ya bambanta sosai. Don haka, babu wani balagagge kuma haɗe-haɗe hanyar magani don ruwan sharar magunguna. Wace hanya za a zaɓa ta dogara da ruwan sharar gida. yanayi. Dangane da sifofin ruwan sharar gida, ana buƙatar pretreatment gabaɗaya don haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar ruwan datti, da farko cire gurɓatacce, sannan a haɗa tare da maganin ƙwayoyin cuta. A halin yanzu, haɓakar na'urar sarrafa ruwa mai ƙarfi da inganci matsala ce ta gaggawa da za a warware.
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Kamfanin ODM Factory China PAM, Anionic Polyacrylamide, HPAM, PHPA, Kamfaninmu yana aiki ta hanyar ka'idar aiki na "tushen aminci, haɗin gwiwar da aka ƙirƙira, daidaita mutane, haɗin gwiwar nasara-nasara". Muna fatan za mu iya samun dangantakar abokantaka da ɗan kasuwa daga ko'ina cikin duniya.
An karbo daga Baidu.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-15-2022